CAL08-A Properties of Tool Steels

SAE STEEL DESIGNATION

NON - DEFORMING PROPERTIES

SAFETY IN HARDENING

DEPTH OF HARDENING (a)

TOUGHNESS

RESISTANCE TO SOFTENING EFFECT OF HEAT

WEAR RESISTANCE

MACHINABILITY

WATER HARDENING TOOL STEELS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W108

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD (b)

POOR

FAIR

BEST

W109

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD (b)

POOR

FAIR

BEST

W110

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD (b)

POOR

GOOD

BEST

W112

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD (b)

POOR

GOOD

BEST

W209

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD

POOR

FAIR

BEST

W210

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD

POOR

GOOD

BEST

W310

POOR

FAIR

SHALLOW

GOOD

POOR

GOOD

BEST

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SHOCK RESISTING TOOL STEELS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

S1-CHROME-TUNGSTEN

FAIR

GOOD

MEDIUM

GOOD

FAIR

FAIR

FAIR

S2-SILICON-MOLYBDENUM

W POOR (c)

W POOR (c)

MEDIUM

BEST

FAIR

FAIR

GOOD

 

O FAIR (c)

O GOOD (c)

 

 

 

 

 

S5-SILICON-MANGANESE

W POOR (c)

W POOR (c)

MEDIUM

BEST

FAIR

FAIR

FAIR

 

O FAIR (c)

O GOOD (c)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COLD WORK TOOL STEELS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OIL HARDENING TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

O1-LOW MANGANESE

GOOD

GOOD

MEDIUM

FAIR

POOR

GOOD

GOOD

02-HIGH MANGANESE

GOOD

GOOD

MEDIUM

FAIR

POOR

GOOD

GOOD

O6-MOLYBDENUM GRAPHITIC

FAIR

GOOD

MEDIUM

FAIR

POOR

GOOD

BEST

MEDIUM ALLOY AIR HARDENING TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A2-5% CHROME AIR HARD

BEST

BEST

DEEP

FAIR

FAIR

GOOD

FAIR

HIGH CARBON-HIGH CHROME TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

D2-HIGH CARBON-HIGH CHROME (AIR)

BEST

BEST

DEEP

FAIR

FAIR

BEST

POOR

D3-HIGH CARBON-HIGH CHROME (OIL)

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

POOR

FAIR

BEST

POOR

D5-HIGH CARBON-HIGH CHROME-

BEST

BEST

DEEP

FAIR

FAIR

BEST

POOR

COBALT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

D7-HIGH CARBON-HIGH CHROME-

BEST

BEST

DEEP

POOR

FAIR

BEST

POOR

HOT WORK TOOL STEELS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHROME BASE TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

H11-CHROME-MOLYBDENUM-V

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

FAIR

H12-CHROME-MOLYBDENUM-

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

FAIR

TUNGSTEN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

H13-CHROME-MOLYBDENUM-VV

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

FAIR

TUNGSTEN BASE TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

H21-TUNGSTEN

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

FAIR

HIGH SPEED TOOL STEELS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TUNGSTEN BASE TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

T1-TUNGSTEN 18-4-1

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

POOR

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

T2-TUNGSTEN 18-4-2

GOOD

GOOD

DEEP

POOR

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

T4-COBALT-TUNGSTEN 18-4-1-5

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

BEST

GOOD

FAIR

T5-COBALT-TUNGSTEN 18-4-2-8

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

BEST

GOOD

FAIR

T8-COBALT-TUNGSTEN 18-4-2-5

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

BEST

GOOD

FAIR

MOLYBDENUM BASE TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

M1-MOLYBDENUM 8-2-1

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

M2-MOLYBDENUM-TUNGSTEN 6-6-2

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

GOOD

GOOD

FAIR

M3-MOLYBDENUM-TUNGSTEN 6-6-3

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

GOOD

BEST

FAIR

M4-MOLYBDENUM-TUNGSTEN 6-6-4

GOOD

FAIR

DEEP

POOR

GOOD

BEST

FAIR

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SPECIAL PURPOSE TOOL STEELS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LOW ALLOY TYPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

L6-NICKEL-CHROME

FAIR

GOOD

MEDIUM

FAIR

POOR

FAIR

FAIR

L7-CHROME

FAIR

GOOD

MEDIUM

FAIR

POOR

GOOD

FAIR

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(a) These are intended to emphasize major differences between the groups of steels and do not account for the minor differences in depths

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of hardening that exist between steels of the same group. This is particularly true of the Water Hardening W Steels which are frequently furnished

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

with varying degrees of hardenability as listed in Table 1.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(b) Toughness decreases somewhat with increasing depth of hardening.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(c) W as shown here indicates water quench. O as shown here indicates oil quench.